Tourism Critiques: Practice and Theory

ISSN: 2633-1225

You can publish an open access article in this journal

Journal Description

Tourism Critiques: Practice and Theory (TCR) publishes peer-reviewed research and commentary open access in fields related to the development of theory, practice and policy making that relates to tourism. The journal is by College of Tourism, Beijing Union University, & delivered by Emerald Publishing Services.

Submit your paper

Tourism Critiques: Practice and Theory (TCR) seeks articles that review and critique current understanding of tourism and its social, economic, cultural, environmental and political impacts as demonstrated through business practices and policy making by organisations. It is international in coverage, and is compliant with Plan S, that is, it is open access and authors are not required to pay authorship fees. It has an internationally recognised editorial board.

All articles are published open access, so are made freely available at no charge to the author.

Open access

All articles published in Tourism Critiques are published Open Access under a CC BY 4.0 licence.

Tourism Critiques is published by Emerald Group Publishing on behalf of the College of Tourism, Beijing Union University, who owns the title. Tourism Critiques is published under a platinum OA arrangement, in that all charges for publishing an OA article in the Journal are funded by the College of Tourism, Beijing Union University. Therefore, there is no charge to the author.

Editor-in-Chief
- Professor Chris Ryan (Director)
  University of Waikato, New Zealand. Chris is Director of the BUU China-New Zealand Tourism Research Unit and also Director of the Waikato UNWTO INSTO programme at the University of Waikato. - New Zealand
  [email protected]
Associate Editor
- Dr Xiaoyu Nancy Zhang
  Nancy is expert in China’s classical literature and cultural and heritage tourism. She heads the Film Tourism Research Unit, College of Tourism, Beijing Union University. She is an Associate of the BUU China-New Zealand Tourism Research Unit.
  [email protected]
Publisher
- Julie Lin
  [email protected]
Content Editor
- Emma Leverton
  [email protected]
Editorial Board
- Professor Jigang Bao
  Sun Ya-sen University - People's Republic of China
  [email protected]
- Professor Sue Beeton
  Sue is a travel researcher and writer as well as holding various honorary posts including Foundation Chair of the College Eminent Professor at William Angliss Institute in Melbourne and as an Associate (and past Head of School) at LaTrobe University.
  [email protected]
- Professor Dr Donna Chambers
  Prior to entering academia Donna spent five years in the Jamaican Tourism Ministry. She now heads the Faculty of Business, Law and Tourism Research Institute at the University of Sunderland.
  [email protected]
- Associate Professor Chin Ee-Ong
  Chin Ee was previously at the National University of Singapore but in 2019 joined the School of Tourism at Sun Yat-Sen University.
  [email protected]
- Professor Mike Hall
  Michael is a Professor in the Department of Management, Marketing and Entrepreneurship at the University of Canterbury and a Docent in Geography at the University of Oulu.
  [email protected]
- Dr. Catheryn-Khoo Lattimore
  Catheryn is editor of Tourism Management Perspectives and has specific research interests in Asian youth and tourist experiences, and additionally in gender issues.
  [email protected]
- Associate Professor Tim Lee
  Timothy is Associate Professor at the University of the Sunshine Coast in Australia and has held the post of Vice-President of the Tourism Sciences Society of Korea and Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Tourism Sciences.
  [email protected]
- Associate Professor Ping Li
  Ping is Associate Professor at Yuexiu School of Hospitality Management, Zhejiang Yuexiu University of Foreign Languages, Zheijiang, China, and a Director of Tourism Think Tank International.
  [email protected]
- Professor Betty Luo Qiuju
  Betty is Deputy Dean of the School of Tourism Management at Sun Yat-Sen University and specialises in the area of exhibition, convention, mega events, event tourism, social media, and crisis management.
  [email protected]
- Professor Alastair Morrison
  Alastair holds the position of Professor at Purdue University and is currently CEO of Belle Tourism International Consulting (BTI) and a Visiting Professor at the University of Greenwich. - USA
  [email protected]
- Professor Philip Pearce
  Phil is Foundation Professor of Tourism at James Cook University. He was awarded the title of Distinguished Professor of the University in 2016, the first social scientist to achieve this accolade at James Cook University.
  [email protected]
- Dr. Fanggang Shi
  Dr. Fangfang Shi is Assistant Dean of the School of Tourism and Hospitality Management and Surrey International Institute (a joint institute with the University of Surrey) at the Dongbei University of Finance and Economics.
  [email protected]
- Professor Trevor Sofield
  Formerly at the University of Tasmania Trevor retains a position in Australia but also holds an adjunct position at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
  [email protected]
- Professor Marla Royne Stafford
  Marla is the Executive Associate Dean for Academic Affairs and the William F. Harrah Distinguished Chair in the Harrah College of Hospitality at the University of Nevada-Las Vegas.
  [email protected]
- Associate Professor Ming Ming Su
  Ming Ming Su is an Associate Professor at the School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing. She holds degrees from the University of Waterloo in Canada and Tsinghua University in China.
  [email protected]
- Professor Ipkin Anthony Wong
  Anthony is a statistician who transferred in 2018 to join Sun Yat-Sen University, and he also holds a visiting position at Beijing Union University. Much of his past work was related to the gaming behaviour of Chinese visitors.
  [email protected]
- Professor Honggan Xu
  Honggang is current Dean of the College of Tourism at Sun Yat-Sen University and in 2016 won the Roy Wolfe Award from the American Association of Geographers - Recreation, Tourism and Sport Specialty Group (AAG-RTS).
  [email protected]
- Professor Bowei Zeng
  Bowei is the Director of China Tourism Economics and Policy Research Centre of Beijing Union University.
  [email protected]
- Professor Chaozhi Zhang
  Chaozhi is professor of tourism at the School of Tourism Management at Sun Yat-Sen University. He professor of UNESCO Chair on Sustainable Tourism in UNESCO Designated Sites.
  [email protected]
Senior Consulting Editor
- Dr. Li Xuewei
  Xuewei is President of Beijing Union University, and a theoretical mathematician with specific research interests in computer networks transportation, big data theory and key technologies, and management sciences.
Consulting Editor
- Dr. Yan Xuyang
  Xuyang is Dean of the College of Tourism, Beijing Union University and is an econometrician degrees in maths and economics and his doctoral degree from the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

Submit to the journal

Submissions to Tourism Critiques are made using ScholarOne Manuscripts, the online submission and peer review system. Registration and access is available at https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/trcpt. Full information and guidance on using ScholarOne Manuscripts is available at the Emerald ScholarOne Manuscripts Support Centre.

Registering on ScholarOne Manuscripts

If you have not yet registered on ScholarOne Manuscripts, please follow the instructions below:

Please log on to: https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/trcpt
Click on "Create Account"
Follow the on-screen instructions, filling in the requested details before proceeding
Your username will be your email address and you have to input a password of at least 8 characters in length and containing two or more numbers
Click "Finish" and your account will have been created.

Submitting an article to TRC on ScholarOne Manuscripts

Please log on to TRC at https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/trcpt with your username and password. This will take you through to the welcome page (to consult the Author Guidelines for this journal, click on the homepage link in the "Resources" column)
Click on the "Author Centre" button
Click on the "Submit a manuscript" link which will take you through to the manuscript submission page
Complete all fields and browse to "Upload your article"
When all required sections are completed, preview your PDF proof
Submit your manuscript.

Authors submitting papers for publication should specify which section of the journal they wish their paper to be considered for: "Research Papers" or "Viewpoints", etc. The editors and publisher will do everything possible to ensure that the manuscripts are dealt with promptly and that those which are accepted are quickly published.

Review process

Each paper submitted is reviewed by at least two external reviewers and the editors to assess its suitability to the journal. All manuscripts which format does not follow the guidelines indicated below will be rejected without further consideration.

To upload the revised version of the manuscript, authors need to go into "Review and Submit" section of their draft and submit.

Copyright

Articles submitted to the journal should not have been published before in their current or substantially similar form, or be under consideration for publication with another journal. Please see Emerald's originality guidelines for details. Authors submitting articles for publication warrant that the work is not an infringement of any existing copyright and will indemnify the publisher against any breach of such warranty.

The editor may make use of iThenticate software for checking the originality of submissions received.

This is an open access journal. All works are published under Creative Commons CC-BY license, which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. View the license in full.

Plagiarism and duplication

If we receive evidence that a manuscript has been plagiarized more than 30%, the manuscript will be immediately rejected.

Third party copyright permissions

Prior to article submission, authors should clear permission to use any content that has not been created by them.

Failure to do so may lead to lengthy delays in publication. Emerald is unable to publish any article which has permissions pending. The rights Emerald requires are:

Non-exclusive rights to reproduce the material in the article or book chapter.
Print and electronic rights.
Worldwide English language rights.
To use the material for the life of the work (i.e. there should be no time restrictions on the re-use of material e.g. a one-year licence).

When reproducing tables, figures or excerpts (of more than 250 words) from another source, it is expected that:

Authors obtain the necessary written permission in advance from any third party owners of copyright for the use in print and electronic formats of any of their text, illustrations, graphics, or other material, in their manuscript. Permission must also be cleared for any minor adaptations of any work not created by them.
If an author adapts significantly any material, the author must inform the copyright holder of the original work.
Authors obtain any proof of consent statements
Authors must always acknowledge the source in figure captions and refer to the source in the reference list.
Authors should not assume that any content which is freely available on the web is free to use. Authors should check the website for details of the copyright holder to seek permission for re-use.

Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)

Emerald supports the development of, and practical application of consistent ethical standards throughout the scholarly publishing community. All Emerald’s journals and editors are members of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) which provides advice on all aspects of publication ethics. Emerald follows the Committee’s flowcharts in cases of research and publication misconduct, enabling journals to adhere to the highest ethical standards in publishing. Read more information on Emerald’s publication ethics policy.

Copyright forms

Upon acceptance of an article authors will be requested to sign a Creative Commons Attribution Licence 4.0 (CC BY 4.0). Publishing under a CC BY 4.0 license means:

Copyright in the article is retained by the author.
The author grants Emerald a licence to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher.
Your article can be shared freely, including copying and redistributing the material in any medium or format.
Your article can be adapted, remixed, transformed, and built upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Full attribution to the original work must be included in any derivatives, indicating if/where changes have been made.

Authors will be asked to complete the CC BY 4.0 licence through ScholarOne. All authors are sent an e-mail with links to the licence form, which they must check for accuracy and submit electronically.

Author fees

The journal is published under a Platinum Open Access arrangement, in that all costs associated with publishing an Open Access article in the journal are funded by The College of Tourism, Beijing Union University. This journal does not charge APCs or submission charges.

Emerald Editing Service

Emerald is pleased to partner with Peerwith to provide editorial support for authors wishing to submit papers to Emerald journals. Peerwith is a platform for author services, connecting academics seeking support for their work with the relevant expert who can help out with language editing and translation, visuals, consulting, or anything else academics need to get their research submission-ready.

Final submission

The author must ensure that the manuscript is complete, grammatically correct and without spelling or typographical errors. Before submitting, authors should check their submission completeness using the available Article Submission Checklist. Proofs will be e-mailed prior to publication.

Archiving policy

Emerald provides perpetual access for all e-journal and book content by working with digital preservation schemes Portico, LOCKSS and CLOCKSS. Read further information on Emerald’s archiving policy.

Manuscript requirements

The journal's policy is open access and creative commons. Authors retain their rights to republish this material in other works written or edited by them, subject to full acknowledgement of the original source of publication.

Please prepare your manuscript before submission, using the following guidelines:

Format	Article files should be provided in Microsoft Word format.
Article length	Articles should be a maximum of 12,000 words in length. This includes all text but excluding references and appendices. Please allow 280 words for each figure or table.
Article title	A title of not more than eight words should be provided.
Author details	All contributing authors’ names should be added to the ScholarOne submission, and their names arranged in the correct order for publication. Correct e-mail addresses should be supplied for each author in their separate author accounts The full name of each author must be present in their author account in the exact format they should appear for publication, including or excluding any middle names or initials as required The affiliation of each contributing author should be correct in their individual author account. The affiliation listed should be where they were based at the time that the research for the paper was conducted
Biographies and acknowledgements	Authors who wish to include these items should save them together in an MS Word file to be uploaded with the submission. If they are to be included, a brief professional biography of not more than 100 words should be supplied for each named author.
Abstract	Authors must supply an abstract in their submission. Maximum is 250 words in total (including keywords and article classification, see below).
Keywords	Authors should provide appropriate and short keywords in the ScholarOne submission that encapsulate the principal topics of the paper (see the How to... ensure your article is highly downloaded guide for practical help and guidance on choosing search-engine friendly keywords). The maximum number of keywords is 12. Whilst Emerald will endeavour to use submitted keywords in the published version, all keywords are subject to approval by Emerald’s in house editorial team and may be replaced by a matching term to ensure consistency. Keywords should be submitted in both English and Spanish.
Article classification	Authors must categorize their paper as part of the ScholarOne submission process. The category which most closely describes their paper should be selected from the list below. Research paper. This category covers papers which report on any type of research undertaken by the author(s). The research may involve the construction or testing of a model or framework, action research, testing of data, market research or surveys, empirical, scientific or clinical research. Viewpoint. Any paper, where content is dependent on the author's opinion and interpretation, should be included in this category; this also includes journalistic pieces. Technical paper. Describes and evaluates technical products, processes or services. Conceptual paper. These papers will not be based on research but will develop hypotheses. The papers are likely to be discursive and will cover philosophical discussions and comparative studies of others' work and thinking. Case study. Case studies describe actual interventions or experiences within organizations. They may well be subjective and will not generally report on research. A description of a legal case or a hypothetical case study used as a teaching exercise would also fit into this category. Literature review. It is expected that all types of paper cite any relevant literature so this category should only be used if the main purpose of the paper is to annotate and/or critique the literature in a particular subject area. It may be a selective bibliography providing advice on information sources or it may be comprehensive in that the paper's aim is to cover the main contributors to the development of a topic and explore their different views. General review. This category covers those papers which provide an overview or historical examination of some concept, technique or phenomenon. The papers are likely to be more descriptive or instructional ("how to" papers) than discursive.
Headings	Headings must be concise, with a clear indication of the distinction between the hierarchy of headings. The preferred format is for first level headings to be presented in bold format and subsequent sub-headings to be presented in medium italics
Notes/endnotes	Notes or endnotes should be used only if absolutely necessary and must be identified in the text by consecutive numbers, enclosed in square brackets and listed at the end of the article.
Figures	All Figures (charts, diagrams, line drawings, web pages/screenshots, and photographic images) should be submitted in electronic form. All figures should be of high quality, legible and numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals. Graphics may be supplied in colour to facilitate their appearance on the online database. Figures created in MS Word, MS PowerPoint, MS Excel, Illustrator should be supplied in their native formats. Electronic figures created in other applications should be copied from the origination software and pasted into a blank MS Word document or saved and imported into an MS Word document or alternatively create a PDF file from the origination software. Figures which cannot be supplied as above are acceptable in the standard image formats which are: .pdf, .ai, and .eps. If you are unable to supply graphics in these formats then please ensure they are .tif, .jpeg, or .bmp at a resolution of at least 300dpi and at least 10cm wide. To prepare web pages/screenshots simultaneously press the "Alt" and "Print screen" keys on the keyboard, open a blank Microsoft Word document and simultaneously press "Ctrl" and "V" to paste the image. (Capture all the contents/windows on the computer screen to paste into MS Word, by simultaneously pressing "Ctrl" and "Print screen".) Photographic images should be submitted electronically and of high quality. They should be saved as .tif or .jpeg files at a resolution of at least 300dpi and at least 10cm wide. Digital camera settings should be set at the highest resolution/quality possible.
Tables	Tables should be typed and included in a separate file to the main body of the article. The position of each table should be clearly labelled in the body text of article with corresponding labels being clearly shown in the separate file. Ensure that any superscripts or asterisks are shown next to the relevant items and have corresponding explanations displayed as footnotes to the table, figure or plate.
References	References to other publications must be in Harvard style and carefully checked for completeness, accuracy and consistency. This is very important in an electronic environment because it enables your readers to exploit the Reference Linking facility on the database and link back to the works you have cited through CrossRef. You should cite publications in the text: (Adams, 2006) using the first named author's name or (Adams and Brown, 2006) citing both names of two, or (Adams et al., 2006), when there are three or more authors. At the end of the paper a reference list in alphabetical order should be supplied:
For books	Surname, Initials (year), Title of Book, Publisher, Place of publication. e.g. Harrow, R. (2005), No Place to Hide, Simon & Schuster, New York, NY.
For book chapters	Surname, Initials (year), "Chapter title", Editor's Surname, Initials, Title of Book, Publisher, Place of publication, pages. e.g. Calabrese, F.A. (2005), "The early pathways: theory to practice – a continuum", in Stankosky, M. (Ed.), Creating the Discipline of Knowledge Management, Elsevier, New York, NY, pp. 15-20.
For journals	Surname, Initials (year), "Title of article", Journal Name, volume issue, pages. e.g. Capizzi, M.T. and Ferguson, R. (2005), "Loyalty trends for the twenty-first century", Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 22 No. 2, pp. 72-80.
For published conference proceedings	Surname, Initials (year of publication), "Title of paper", in Surname, Initials (Ed.), Title of published proceeding which may include place and date(s) held, Publisher, Place of publication, Page numbers. e.g. Jakkilinki, R., Georgievski, M. and Sharda, N. (2007), "Connecting destinations with an ontology-based e-tourism planner", in Information and communication technologies in tourism 2007 proceedings of the international conference in Ljubljana, Slovenia, 2007, Springer-Verlag, Vienna, pp. 12-32.
For unpublished conference proceedings	Surname, Initials (year), "Title of paper", paper presented at Name of Conference, date of conference, place of conference, available at: URL if freely available on the internet (accessed date). e.g. Aumueller, D. (2005), "Semantic authoring and retrieval within a wiki", paper presented at the European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC), 29 May-1 June, Heraklion, Crete, available at: http://dbs.uni-leipzig.de/file/aumueller05wiksar.pdf (accessed 20 February 2007).
For working papers	Surname, Initials (year), "Title of article", working paper [number if available], Institution or organization, Place of organization, date. e.g. Moizer, P. (2003), "How published academic research can inform policy decisions: the case of mandatory rotation of audit appointments", working paper, Leeds University Business School, University of Leeds, Leeds, 28 March.
For encyclopedia entries (with no author or editor)	Title of Encyclopedia (year) "Title of entry", volume, edition, Title of Encyclopedia, Publisher, Place of publication, pages. e.g. Encyclopaedia Britannica (1926) "Psychology of culture contact", Vol. 1, 13th ed., Encyclopaedia Britannica, London and New York, NY, pp. 765-71. (For authored entries please refer to book chapter guidelines above)
For newspaper articles (authored)	Surname, Initials (year), "Article title", Newspaper, date, pages. e.g. Smith, A. (2008), "Money for old rope", Daily News, 21 January, pp. 1, 3-4.
For newspaper articles (non-authored)	Newspaper (year), "Article title", date, pages. e.g. Daily News (2008), "Small change", 2 February, p. 7.
For archival or other unpublished sources	Surname, Initials, (year), "Title of document", Unpublished Manuscript, collection name, inventory record, name of archive, location of archive. e.g. Litman, S. (1902), "Mechanism & Technique of Commerce", Unpublished Manuscript, Simon Litman Papers, Record series 9/5/29 Box 3, University of Illinois Archives, Urbana-Champaign, IL.
For electronic sources	If available online, the full URL should be supplied at the end of the reference, as well as a date that the resource was accessed. e.g. Castle, B. (2005), "Introduction to web services for remote portlets", available at: http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/library/ws-wsrp/ (accessed 12 November 2007). Standalone URLs, i.e. without an author or date, should be included either within parentheses within the main text, or preferably set as a note (roman numeral within square brackets within text followed by the full URL address at the end of the paper).